Participle

Participle is a word that behaves like a verb and an adjective, so it is called Double Parts of Speech.

( Participle হল সেই Word যা কিছুটা Verb এবং কিছুটা Adjective এর মত আচরণ করে, তাই একে Double Parts of Speech বলে ।)


Definition of Participle :-

A word that sits before a noun in a sentence and acts as a verb and an adjective at the same time is called a participle.

( কোন একটি বাক্যে যে Word কোন Noun এর আগে বসে এবং একইসঙ্গে Verb ও‌ Adjective এর কাজ করে তাকে Participle বলে ।)

E.g. - Don't board in a running train .

Here ing is added to the word run: running.  On the one hand, the word is running, in the sense that it is working as a verb, and again, sitting before the train (Noun), it is characterizing the train, that is, it is working as an adjective.

So the word running is Participle.


Types of Participle :-

Participle can be divided into three parts.

( Participle কে তিন ভাগে ভাগ করা যায় )

E.g. -

1.  Present Participle

2.  Past Participle

3.  Perfect Participle


Present Participle : -

It is commonly used to form a continuous tense.

In this case ing is associated with the verb.

( ইহা সাধারণত Continuous Tense গঠনে ব্যবহৃত হয় । এক্ষেত্রে Verb এর সঙ্গে ing যুক্ত থাকে ।)

E.g. - I want a talking doll.


Past Participle: -

It is usually used to form the Perfect Tense.

In this case, ed, d, en etc. are associated with the verb.

( ইহা সাধারণত Perfect Tense গঠনে ব্যবহৃত হয় ।এক্ষেত্রে Verb এর সঙ্গে ed, d, en ইত্যাদি যুক্ত থাকে ।)

E.g. - The wounded man needs treatment.


Perfect Participle: -

It signifies a complete work of the past.

In this case the verb is preceded by having and the verb is associated withe ed d, en, t etc.

( ইহা অতীতের একটি সম্পূর্ণ কাজকে সূচিত করে ।এক্ষেত্রে Verb এর আগে having থাকে এবং Verb এর সঙ্গে ed, d, en, t ইত্যাদি যুক্ত থাকে ।)

E.g - Having finished homework she went for dinner.